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Some commercial and industrial buildings could reach heights of more than sixty stories. Apparently, when these buildings are being built, they need equally tall cranes to be able to transport the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes which are operated from the rear of trucks or other types which have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the biggest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are stand-alone structures seen as part of a major city's downtown skyline on high-rise building projects. When new construction like skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities like shopping center are being constructed, chances are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
The two key kinds of cranes could be distinguished by the way in which their jib or boom lifts materials. The jib is the metal frame that extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal as it carries things. On a luffing type of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds can range from 30,000 lbs. to 10,000 pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a mast. This is a vertical steel frame which is a combination of individual sections. In order to increase the overall height of the machine, sections are added. The mast extends upward to where the desired height is, to the control module, that is a small room that has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also called. The operator of the crane works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to raise materials, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor located near the control module. There is a pulley system located at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib situated on the tower's opposite side. The counter jib holds weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from tipping over when heavy materials are lifted.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a particular kind of mobile crane. These cranes utilize hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing on the pistons of the boom in opposite directions so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are really important in constructing major projects like airports, bridges, buildings and roads. A crane could complete in minutes jobs which will normally take a lot of hours and hundreds of men to accomplish.
The vast machines are normally used in the construction of cities, houses, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even Egypt's Great Pyramids were likely built utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest supplies in one of the most remarkable construction projects of all time.
The very first representation of a crane was featured during the reign of King Ramses within Egypt in 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device which was utilized to collect water. The first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to build a whole country during the 5th century B.C.
Initially, cranes were first made out of wood. It wasn't until the designers building dockyards decided they needed something stronger and bigger did these machinery develop. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes in the year 1834, in Bolton, England. This machinery was capable of lifting as much as 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane more durable and stronger. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity to lift heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. Germany began to make cast iron cranes 4 years later. The first cast iron crane made by Germany was built in Neuburg.
